Local Health Districts (LHDs) are health administrative areas constituted under Section 17 of the NSW Health Services Act 1997 which became effective from January 2011 and were initially called Local Health Networks.

There are 15 geographically-based LHDs (eight covering the Sydney metropolitan region and seven covering rural and regional NSW) used for reporting in HealthStats NSW. In addition, there are two specialist networks focusing on Children's and Paediatric Services and Forensic Mental Health and a third network operating across the public health services provided by three Sydney facilities operated by St Vincent's Health.